Dynaivlo-electric machine



'(No Model.)

0. RIGHTERF DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE. N0. Z94,913. Patented Mar. 11,1884.

mfnessewjzweniarw ju g UNITED STATES PATENT Fries.

CHARLES RICHTER, v()F CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY.

DYNAMIC-ELECTRIC MACHlNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 294,913, dated March11, 1884.

' Application filed May 1882. (x0 model),

To all 'wholn itmay concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES Rronrnn, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of Oamden,'in the county of Camden and State NewJersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inDynamo-Electric Machines, of which the following is a full, clear,concise, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled inthe art to which my invention relates to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification, in which Figure 1 is an end elevation, showing theannular armature in conj unction with the fieldofforce magnets and theposition in which the helices are wound upon the latter. Fig. 2 is aside elevation of Fig. 1, showing the manner in which the field-magnets,together with the two uprights which sustain the armature, are bolted toa common base. Fig. 3isa sectional View of the armature shown in Fig. 1,in which are to be seen the core and radial projections, withintervening spaces for the reception of the inducing copper coils usedupon annular armatures. Fig. at is a longitudinal sectional view ofthearmature shown in Fig. 1, cut

- through the center, and representing themanner in which theinducing-coils are wound thereon. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of thecommutator and brushes, with the frame of the latter, which is soarranged that the position of the brushes can be altered from themaximum to the minimum points of efficien cy upon the commutator. Figs.6 and 7 are views in detail of the armature; and Figs. 8 and 9 arefurther detail views of the same, Fig. 9 showing the airspaces left inthe core thereof.

The object of this improvement is to con struct a dynamo-electricmachine the helices 0f the stationary magnets of which shall occupyparts thereon most conducive to obtaining the greatest degree ofmagnetic saturation with the least expenditure of electrical energy,and,in conjunction with the field-of-force magnets,

to so construct an armature which shall have large magnetic surface andfree ventilation for the dissipation of heat by convection, saidarmature possessing a suitable device for the re ception of the inducingcopper coils usually employed upon annular armatures.

Upon referring to the drawings it will be seen that in Fig. 1 a 0represent the iieldot force magnets, which consist of two convexoconcave pieces, formed of two complete castings bolted together at b I),as'shown in Fig. 2.

These sides have flanges for fastening them by bolts to a base, as at bb, Fig. 2. The cast ings are provided, also, withinwardly-extend ingblocks of flanges c, which come closeup to the consequent points andform cores, whereon wire is wound to form helices, as shown in Figs. 1and 2. These helices are connected together in the usual manner. Thepolar extensions d of said blocks or flanges are of curved shape, andeach extension is common to two or more of said blocks or flanges. Itwill be observed that the helices cover a large mass of the magnetswhere they have most effect by being placed in such close proximity tothe consequent points, and a much higher induc tion is thereby obtainedthan when the coils are farther removed from those points, and half thequantity of wire upon the stationary magnets of the construction hereinreferred to as that used upon either the Gramme or Siemens type producethe same magnetic saturation-that is to say, when the machines are ofcorresponding horse-power. The polar extensions d d can be any desirabledistance apart, and I prefer one extension of opposite sides slightly inadvance of the others, the best re sults being obtained by thisconstruction. 0 c are slots for the passage of air when the ar mature isin motion. The annular armature to work in conjunction with thisconstruction of field-magnets is formed of a core, 76 k, of a suitablenumber of layers of iron wire, wound one layer upon another round aspider, h h, Figs. 1 and 3, at right-angles to the axis of rotation. Thespider is shown as cast in two parts, (Fig. 7 representing one part,)which are brought together and secured by soldering or otherwise. h h,Fig. 7 are end extensions or flanges of the spider-ribs to keep theironwire core in its place. The spaces h h between the ribs of thespider are, before winding the core, packed with some suitablematerialsuch as woodwhich is given a cylindrical form. The core is thenwound thereon, after which the packing is removed. A large surface isthus exposed to the cooling effect of the air when the machine is inoperation. The layers of wire forming the core of the armature areseparated bypins i i, Fig. 9, into eon- 1 into the frame a or until theformer presses secutivc series of coils, thus leaving air-spaces rightthrough the armature for the complete ventilation of the same. Upon theperiphery of this iron-wire core are fixed, by soldering or otherwise, asuitable number of concentric iron-wire rings, 7.2 k, as shown in Figs.3 and 8. These rings have radial projections 75- 75*,

Fig. 8, and intervening channels for the reception of the inducingcopper eoi1s l, which are wound upon the armature parallel to the axisof rotation, as represented in Fig. 4, and are connected scriutim to thecommutator segments.

The brushes m m are mounted upon an adjustable insulated frame, an,which is made to move round the co1nmutator-cylinder a from themaximum to minimum points of eificiency thereon, and to carry with itthe attached indicator o. This indicator passes over a scale,

)7, which is so arranged and constructed as to represent the properpoint upon the commutator 'r at which the brushes mm should be set toobtain the necessary current strength to 0p crate the required number oflamps in circuit. a is a handle having a thread cut thereon, whichscrews into the frame a a, as shown in Fig. 5. When it is required toset the brushes at any point upon 1', the handle 8 is screwed upon astationary part underneath, when the brushes will be fastened at thatpoint.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1.- In a dynamoelectric machine, the stationary magnets consisting oftwo sides, each in a single piece, constructed with slots 0", to admitair, and provided with flanges 0, upon which helices are wound,substantially as set forth.

2. In a dynamo-electric machine, the stationary magnets consisting oftwo concaveeonvex sides provided with inwardly-extend ing flanges 0,upon which helices are wound, and polar extensions (I, each of saidpolar ex tensions being attached to two of the flanges c, substantiallyas set forth.

3. In the armature of a dynamo-machine. the consecutive series ofconcentric iron-wirc rings placed upon the periphery of the core, theserings having radial projections, leaving intervening channels for thereception of the inducing-coils, as shown and described.

CHARLES RICHTER.

\Vitnesses:

BERNIIARD Scnnonnm-r, (flnxxnnns G. PERKINS.

